Human-machine interface design should pay attention to several issues
1. Interface style design
Console man-machine interface using non-standard Windows style, in order to achieve the user's personalized requirements. However, considering that most users are more familiar with standard Windows systems, the features of the standard Windows interface are as compatible as possible with the interface design. Because the bitmap button in operation to achieve high brightness, bump, depression and other effects, so that the interface forms more flexible, and users can easily identify the control.
However, the dialogs, edit boxes, and combo boxes used in the interface are all Windows standard controls, and the buttons in the dialogs also use standard buttons. Control the size and spacing as far as possible in line with the recommended value of the Windows interface requirements.
The default color of the interface is light gray. Because the gray tone is easily recognized under different lighting conditions, and the color blind users are prevented from using the form inconvenience. To distinguish between input and output, the area for user input uses white as background to make it easy for the user to see that this is the active area of ​​the form; the display area is set to gray (or form color) in order to tell the user which is not Edit area. All controls in the form are aligned left-aligned according to the Windows interface design standards. For groups of controls in different positions, each group is also left-justified.
2. System interface layout analysis
Human-machine interface layout design according to ergonomic requirements should be concise, balanced and consistent style. Typical industrial control interface is divided into three parts: the title menu section, the graphic display area and the button section. According to the principle of consistency, ensure that all objects on the screen, such as windows, buttons, single and other style consistent. Buttons at all levels of size, bump effect and marked fonts, size are the same, the button color and interface background to be consistent.
3. Open the interface of the structural system
The concept of selecting an interface depends on multiple interfaces. The interface can be designed as a loop, if you run a large number of interfaces, you must design a reasonable structure to open the interface. Choose a simple, permanent structure so that operators can quickly understand how to open the interface.
The amount of information a user processes at a time is limited, so stacking a large amount of information on the screen can affect the friendliness of the interface. In order to provide a sufficient amount of information at the same time to ensure that the interface is simple and concise, in the design of the use of control classification and hierarchical arrangement. Grading refers to the control according to the function is divided into multiple groups, each group in accordance with its logical relationship refined into multiple levels.
With a button to control the secondary button pop-up and hide the interface to ensure simplicity. Stratification is the different levels of the vertical buttons in different regions, there is a clear dividing line between regions. In the use of a button to pop-up button at the same time lower level to achieve the same level of hidden buttons to make the logic clearer.
Usually consists of three levels. Level 1 is the overview interface. This level should include information on the different system parts displayed on the system and how to make those system parts work together. Level 2 is the process interface. This level contains details of the part of the specified process and shows which device object belongs to the process part. The level also shows the corresponding object set alarm. Level 3 is a detailed interface. This level provides information on various equipment objects, such as controllers , control valves, control motors, etc., and displays messages, status, and process values. If appropriate, it also contains information about the work of other device objects.
4. Application of text
Interface fonts commonly used in Chinese font Times New Roman, italics, English twisting, etc., because these fonts are easy to identify, readability is good consistency, the console software interface, all texts are selected Chinese Arial, text size according to the control The size of the size of the selection of two sizes, so that the display of information and ensure uniform style.
Ergonomics requirements interface text concise, try to use affirmative and active voice, English words to avoid abbreviations. There are two types of texts that are used in the console human interface: annotation texts and interactive texts. Marked text is written on the buttons and other controls, indicating the control function of the text, so try to use the description of the verb such as "set each operation", "system settings" and so on. Interactive texts are the texts needed to interact with people and computers, as well as systems such as computers and general consoles, including input texts and output texts.
Interactive text to use the statement in order to be concise at the same time clear, try to use the user's familiar sentences and courtesy of expression such as "Please check the AC voltage," "system warning device lock." For the case of a large amount of information, scroll up and down without scrolling left and right, because it is more in line with people's operating habits.
5 color choices
The choice of colors in the man-machine interface design is also very important. The response of the human eye to color is faster than the response to text, so different information is better distinguished by color than by text. Different colors give different physical and psychological feelings, so the choice of color is reasonable and it will also affect the working efficiency of the operator. In a particular area, the use of different colors are different. For example: the foreground color to a number of easy to identify the user, but the background color to dim some to avoid eye irritation.
Therefore, dazzling colors such as red, yellow, grass green can not be applied to the background color. Blue and gray are the insensitive colors of the eyes. The eyes are sensitive to the same whether they are in the middle or the edge of the eye, and are very suitable as the background tone of the man-machine interface. But blue in small areas is not easy to perceive, while red and yellow are eye-catching. Therefore, information such as tips and warning signs should be red, yellow.
When using color should pay attention to several points:
(1) limit the number of colors displayed at the same time generally the same interface should not exceed 4 or 5, available in different levels and shapes to meet the color changes.
(2) The color of the active object in the interface should be clear, but the inactive object should be dim, the color of the object should be different, the foreground color should be bright, the background should be dim. Neutral colors (such as light gray) tend to be the best background color, light colors have a tendency to jump to the front, and black people feel receded into the background.
(3) to avoid incompatible colors together (such as yellow and blue, red and green, etc.), unless used for comparison.
6. Use of graphics and icons
Graphics and icons convey the message vividly
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