It was proposed by China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation that China's first national standard for biodiesel, "Biodiesel for diesel fuel blending," drafted by the Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals, entered the approval process. The original biodiesel standards in China are all corporate standards. The set of indicators and specific requirements of these standards are often formulated by companies based on their respective R&D, production, and technological levels, and lack common requirements. Some companies also directly use biodiesel standards to produce biodiesel, while biodiesel and mineral diesel vary in composition and nature. The quality of biodiesel controlled by the mineral diesel standard will cause many problems.
Biodiesel is a true green energy source. The industrialization of biodiesel in China is at an early stage and faces many problems. Among them, what are the requirements that biodiesel needs to meet? There must be a basic answer. This is exactly the question to be answered in the "Diesel Fuel Reconciliation Biodiesel."
Questions
In recent years, international crude oil prices have soared. Accompanying soaring oil prices is the fact that China's rapid economic growth and the consumption of crude oil have steadily increased. According to some sources, it is conservatively estimated that the national diesel gap has reached 50 million tons annually. In the market, demand is the driving force. In the early days when international crude oil prices had just risen, some domestic companies began to turn to research and development of economic and environmental protection raw materials, so biodiesel began to move toward the front desk.
The biodiesel industry has high technology maturity and good compatibility with existing oil transportation distribution facilities, so the market is easy to accept. Although it cannot completely replace petrochemical diesel, it still has strong support because of its various advantages.
However, although the technical path is feasible, Europe and the United States have also been developing and encouraging the use of biodiesel. However, the industrialization of biodiesel in China, which is still in its infancy, faces many problems. The introduction of the national standard "biodiesel for diesel fuel blending" is trying to solve these problems, which will have an important significance in promoting the industrialization of biodiesel.
Biodiesel GB: Can be reached by tiptoe
According to Prof. Zhang Yongguang, drafter of the National Standard for Diesel Fuel Reconciliation Biodiesel and Director of the Research Institute of Fuel Oil Products and Additives of the Research Institute of Petroleum and Chemical Industry, China's national biodiesel standards include a total of 17 items and limits for technical requirements. Density: 0.82～0.90kg/m3; minimum kinematic viscosity is 1.9mm2/s, maximum value is 6.0mm2/s; flash point is above 130°C; cold filter point adopts report mode; sulfur content sets two indexes, That is not more than 0.05% and 0.005%; residual carbon residue of 10% steam is not more than 0.3%; sulphated ash is not more than 0.02%; water content is 0.05%; mechanical impurities are not allowed; copper corrosion is not more than 1; The alkane number is not less than 49; the oxidation stability is not less than 6.0; the acid value is not more than 0.80; the free glycerol is not more than 0.02%; the total glycerin is not more than 0.24%; 90% recovery temperature does not exceed 360°C. These requirements take into account that the use of biodiesel in China is mainly used as a component fuel with the proportion of 5% to 20% of ordinary mineral diesel blended, if you use 100% biodiesel, you need to set standards or adjust the standard Indicator requirements.
From the number of indicators, there are more than 10 differences between China's biodiesel standards and developed countries, and the specific limits are also different. Zhang Yongguang explained that the main reason is that the source of raw materials for biodiesel in Europe and the United States is mainly oil crops. Simply taking their targets will limit the raw materials for biodiesel in China, and some indicators do not meet China's situation. China's national standard for biodiesel is a relatively high standard. In view of the reality of the vast majority of biodiesel production enterprises in China, it is a standard that can be achieved by standing on tiptoes.
When formulating biodiesel standards, Chinese companies mostly refer to the indicators and specific requirements set by foreign biodiesel standards. For some projects that are not regulated by China's national standards for biodiesel, Zhang Yongguang explained that high concentrations of monoglycerides, diglycerides, and triglycerides can generate injector deposits, and may affect low-temperature operation performance and cause filter clogging.
In the process of standard setting, after sample analysis of Chinese companies was found out, these three indicators are far less than the limits set by European standards. At the same time, as a blended biodiesel, monoglycerides, diglycerides, and triglycerides can also act as lubricating additives in diesel fuel, so China's standards do not limit these three indicators. Residual metal can cause engine deposits and wear, and can cause pump and injector failure. As a result, exhaust fumes from diesel vehicles increase and start-up is difficult. The transesterification catalyst can introduce monovalent metals and divalent metals into the reaction due to the presence of biodiesel. The metal elements have been separated in the post-treatment, and their content in biodiesel is generally small, there is no need to limit the metal content. Phosphorus can destroy catalytic converters used in emission control systems, and must maintain its low content. Because the phosphorus content of biodiesel in China is much lower than that of biodiesel in Europe and America, China's biodiesel standard does not require phosphorus content. The iodine value is the number of grams of iodine consumed when reacting with 100 grams of oil under the specified conditions. Biodiesel with a large iodine value is unstable and prone to oxidation. However, the iodine value is only a rough estimate of the stability of biodiesel. China's biodiesel standards do not require iodine value. The content of methanol in biodiesel is one of the unreacted residues in the production of biodiesel. After the treatment of biodiesel, the methanol content is generally very low, and China currently does not have the equipment to detect the methanol content of biodiesel, so the standard is not Add the methanol content requirement. The methyl ester content reflects the degree of transesterification. The EU standard requires not less than 96.5%. The samples of biodiesel extracted in the standard formulation process meet this requirement, so our standards do not require it.
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