Analysis and improvement of unstable factors in air compressor unit operation Wang Yulin, Song Wenhui Xinneng Energy Co., Ltd., Inner Mongolia Ordos 014300 product core competitiveness. We must also pay attention to the fact that the steam loss of the moderate pressure of 3.5 MPa is also very large, and the detection is also cumbersome and complicated. Therefore, it is necessary to solve the problem of the unit through various effective methods and promote its smooth operation. .
As one of the most important equipments for acrylonitrile production equipment, air compressors can provide the most important compressed air among the three major reaction materials. Its driving force comes from the pressurized steam turbine and relies on medium pressure steam of 3.5 MPa. However, in the actual production process, the pressure of the compressed air actually supplied to the reactor is often in an unstable state. This unstable state actually shortens the service life of the catalyst sharply, and the activity of the catalyst is also greatly increased. Lowering, running losses will increase correspondingly, and the impact of this series will directly lead to the continuous decline of the quality of products in the subsequent production process. One thing to note is that this effect cannot even be eliminated midway, only waiting for the catalyst to be replaced. The compressed air pressure we are talking about is in fact an important factor in the smooth production.
Stabilizing the outlet pressure and flow rate of the compressor can increase the effective conversion rate of acrylonitrile, reduce its unit consumption, and enhance the core competitiveness of the product. We must also pay attention to the fact that the 3.5MPa medium pressure steam loss is also very large, so it is also necessary to solve the problem of the unit through various effective methods, so that it can run smoothly, thus minimizing the energy consumption.
2 Analysis of the current situation of unstable operation of air compressor unit In the specific investigation process, we can find that the speed of the unit changes with the change of steam parameters, which causes the compressor outlet pressure area to be largely Stable, further affecting the smooth operation of the entire device; at the same time, in order to better adjust the outlet pressure of the compressor, we can only adjust by controlling the air volume of the other side, which is also bound to form a long-term Waste, and because of the manual adjustment, it is certainly not as stable as the maneuver adjustment.
In addition, due to the increased openness of the anti-surge valve, the compressed air is greatly prevented, which greatly increases the energy consumption. In the specific investigation process, we also found that not all of the compressed air produced by the compressor is used to generate acrylonitrile, but there are different degrees of venting, which also greatly increases the device. Energy loss |1. 2.1 Faults in the speed control system During the investigation, we can find that after starting the steam turbine, it starts to operate normally, but when the speed of the steam turbine reaches the minimum speed under the auxiliary action of the governor, the starter The wheel has not been rotated to the lower end. Since it is not regulated by the regulator, the rotation speed is further increased. It should be noted that the maximum speed of the steam turbine actually changes with the change of the steam parameters. Its maximum value can reach more than 5700r/mm. Usually, the speed regulation system of a steam turbine is often composed of components including a regulator, an amplifier, and an oil engine. However, after inspection, it is found that other components except the regulator are normal, and we It can be confirmed that there is a possibility that there is a problem with the cylinder rod inside the regulator.
2.2 Steam pipe network appears that the medium-pressure steam of the fluctuating air compressor unit is actually partly derived from self-production, while the other part is from mixed steam with steam from the external network. Because there are some users of other external network steam, and the length of the pipeline is also very long, it is easy to cause more drastic changes in the parameters of the external network, including steam temperature, pressure, flow, etc., these factors are constantly changing, Directly lead to instability of the operating state of the unit.
It should be noted that if the load of the unit reaches a certain ratio, the steam of the external network must be activated, but the specific value of the activation should not be too high, and it can be maintained at about 3t/h. In the process, outside The steam flow rate of the net becomes lower, the temperature of the outer net will also slowly decrease, and the steam will also contain a large amount of water. If it accumulates to a certain extent, it will enter the steam turbine. At this time, the temperature, pressure and flow rate will There is a very big change, from the saturated steam gradually to the unsaturated steam, the speed will also drop, so that not only will the unit's operation fluctuate greatly, but it will also damage the impeller to a large extent. The service life, if you carry out emergency prevention and control measures, will undoubtedly increase the energy consumption of the entire device. | 2 3 Air compressor unit instability factor solution 3.1 Make timely repair of the regulator In this process, we need to open the regulator to fine-tune the governor limit, in the process of adjustment, we At the same time, it can be found that due to excessive friction between the oil cylinder and the piston rod inside the regulator, a certain jam phenomenon occurs, and the adjustment itself cannot function. Therefore, it is necessary to repair the adjustment, specifically the replacement of the damaged cylinder or the piston rod. Before the exchange, it is better to carry out a brief test before installation, and only the tested and qualified parts can be installed in the turbine. on.
3.2 Stabilization of the supply of the steam engine In the process of adjusting the supply of the steam engine, we need to make a judgment based on the specific load. For example, when the load is below 90%, we need to adjust the parameters of the steam. Make it stable; if the load is between 90% and 95%, it can be managed by professional technicians to discharge the condensate regularly, effectively eliminating the late accidents; if the load is above 90%, it must be immediately The valve between the medium pressure steam and the self-produced steam is closed, and the conveying device is changed. This not only can effectively prevent the possible hazards in the steam retention process, but also can isolate the unbalanced external network steam, which largely solves the problem. The unstable operation of the air compressor unit caused by the constant fluctuation of medium-pressure steam 3.3 Detailed inspection of the effect We have recovered the speed control system of the steam turbine through effective measures. It can be found that the anti-asthmatic valve has been in a slight start state, so There will be a small amount of venting, but the compressed air produced by all the units is actually used in production
In addition, the speed control system is normally put into production, the medium pressure steam is supplied smoothly, and the pressure value of the unit outlet is in a stable state. This is a theoretical study of the specific production of U (down to page 70). Poor condition and poor anti-sliding stability 2) The construction is too fast and the unbalanced dikes inside and outside the dike are slipping and the signs of slippage are often the intersection of different work areas. Due to the large difference in construction schedules between different work areas, the loading rate and the amount of loading are seriously unbalanced.
Before the dike is blocked, the dam and surface soil have been subjected to cyclical loading and unloading as the tide rises and falls. The effect on the strength of the soil is manifested in three aspects. One is to reduce the strength of the foundation soil, the other is that the change of the bulk density of the dam produces additional loads, and the third is the action of the waves and the wind to further disturb the soil and further reduce the strength. . The first two factors have basically equal impact on the inside and outside of the dam, but the third factor is mainly reflected on the outside of the dam.
No. 1213 is the 17th and 18th lunar calendars, which is the tide level. Under the influence of the high tide level, the soil plant is saturated, the wet volume is increased, and the foundation soil is affected by the wave. After the tidal water recedes, on the one hand, the water pressure that is conducive to the stability of the dike disappears, on the other hand, the load increases, and secondly, the shear strength of the foundation soil decreases. Under the combined effect of these factors, slippage and sedimentation occurred.
The project is limited by site conditions, material sources and construction conditions. The conventional methods for dealing with landslides are generally not applicable to this project. The only method is external stacking and suppression. Several problems should be paid attention to during the process: 1) Selection of stability check indicators: The impact of 0-1 layers on safety is reflected in the initial stage of the project development. At this stage, the impact on the stability of the dike is mainly manifested in the lower soil. The load cannot be dissipated faster.
The 12-layer and 31-layer weakly cohesive soils are characterized by low strength, high sensitivity and strong thixotropy. The soil structure is destroyed during the sliding process, and the shear strength is greatly reduced. It is recommended to recommend the unsaturated in the survey report. 12-layer and 31-layer shear strength indexes were selected between shear strength and residual strength. Specifically, 12 layers of lO.OkP, 2) on-site treatment: pay attention to the way, improper treatment will increase the development of slip.
It is necessary to select the timing for processing. The landslide of 0+2000+300 section cannot be treated immediately, and should be carried out after a certain period of stability and the strength of the foundation soil is restored for a period of time. The stacking should have a certain width. The recommended width should not be less than 20m; the stacking height should exceed half of the height of the embankment, and it is recommended to be between 5.0m5.5m.
5 points to be aware of 1) The slippage and the dikes with signs and trends of slip should stop loading immediately.
2) Do a good job of on-site monitoring. On-site monitoring includes three aspects of daily monitoring during the construction process, especially for the embankment with large thickness of soft soil and signs of swelling of the embankment, the observation frequency and the arrangement of the encrypted observation points should be strengthened; (2) Dynamic monitoring work To keep up, increase the frequency of observations in the parts with potential safety hazards, provide observations in a timely manner, and provide first-hand information for project decision-making; increase the number of on-site inspections, timely discover and analyze adverse phenomena, and timely warning.
The embankment subsidence often occurs suddenly, but the occurrence of slippage generally has obvious signs. According to the on-site construction personnel, the early stage of the embankment construction has been relatively stable. Only when the earthwork is loaded to a height of 5.0m, the external slope has a bulging phenomenon. If the construction is stopped under this condition, the situation will not be bad.
A detailed analysis of the potential unfavorable factors of engineering safety, timely warning and the formulation of emergency plans under extraordinary circumstances are prerequisites for ensuring project safety. In addition to strengthening communication and mastering the first-hand information in project implementation, the project department leaders and management personnel at all levels should conduct detailed analysis and research on the collected data, and grasp the key to the problem. The problem is clear, and the potential danger to the project can be handled with ease.
According to the nature of the project, the safety of the project operation phase is guaranteed.
Although the surface of the riverbank soil is low in strength, the silt material is slightly silt and sandy silt, which is favorable for soil drainage, especially 23 layers of sandy silt, which is safer. .
According to the results of the measurement in the last two years, the silt surface of the dike is faster, and the inner side will be blown to the upper and lower elevations of 4.0m, which is conducive to the stability of the dike.
The Longkou section of Dongwei District is rapidly piled up to an elevation of 8.2m, which is relatively stable at present, indicating that some banks are still relatively stable, but it cannot be ignored because of this, while neglecting the stability and safety of other banks.
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